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Vertex is bringing the CG community together on 13th March at Olympia London. And along with the amazing industry-leader talks, workshops, networking opportunities and more, you'll also get the chance to see a real life BAFTA award. Creative Assembly (CA) is bringing its BAFTA to Vertex for you to ohh and ahh over – but the games studio has also teamed up with BAFTA Games for an exclusive competition for Vertex Conference attendees. They have three pairs of tickets to the 2018 BAFTA Games Awards for three lucky winners and their plus-ones. Get your Vertex 2018 ticket now The rules! To enter the competition, make your way to the CA booth at Vertex on Tuesday 13th March, take a photo of yourself with one of the studio’s BAFTA awards, post it on Twitter to @CAGames using the hashtag #takemetothebaftas. You must be 18 years old or over and able to attend the BAFTA Games Awards ceremony on the 12 April in London, UK. Winners will be picked at random by CA on the 14 March and notified via Twitter. Get your Vertex 2018 ticket now There's so much going on at Vertex, you really don't want to miss out. Speakers include the likes of Digital Domain's Scott Ross, Chaos Group's Chris Nichols and ILM's Ben Morris on the VFX of Star Wars: The Last Jedi. There's also workshops, portfolio reviews, an Ask An Artist section for one-on-one advice, a networking party and much more. Get your tickets today, or register for a free expo pass that even gives you access to show-floor talks... Related articles: Get top advice from DNeg, Framestore and MPC artists Scott Ross to talk at Vertex Free supplement: Find out what's going on at Vertex View the full article

Researchers have uncovered a new cyber-espionage threat that uses MikroTik routers as a springboard to launch attacks within a network. View the full article

Vertex, our one-day event bringing the CG community together, is nearly upon us. We have so much on offer that we can't wait to share with you, but in the meantime here are our top three things to start getting excited about. Get your Vertex 2018 ticket now If you haven't picked up your ticket yet, do so today and join us on 13th March at Olympia London. Don't forget you can get a free pass to the expo area, where you can see some talks, access the Ask An Artist area and more – just make sure you register for your free ticket. 01. World-class speakers As general manager of ILM, Scott Ross ran the studio for George Lucas, before founding Digital Domain with James Cameron and Stan Winston Our headline speakers are some of the most inspirational industry leaders around. We've got co-founder of Digital Domain Scott Ross talking about British VFX after Brexit; Chaos Group's Chris Nichols on Digital Humans; Ben Morris from ILM on the VFX behind Star Wars: The Last Jedi and much more. Not only do we have amazing speakers on the main stage and great workshops, though, we also have fantastic talks lined up for you in the free expo area. There's no charge, but don't forget to register for your free ticket. This area will also host a talk from The Mill's Will MacNeil, titled Adventures in Procedural Design. MacNeil is an award-winning motion graphics designer and animator, and he's worked across a broad range of projects in VR, installations, music videos and commercials. His recent clients include Lush, Vue Cinemas, Sony PlayStation and Huawei. We also have Maxon's Jonas Pilz talking about Cinema 4D MoGraph, Blue Zoo talking about the making of their animated shorts, DoveTail Games' Jess Magnus talking about Environment Art for Games and Career Progression, and much more. Find out more about the talks in the free expo area. 02. There are 15 amazing prizes to be won 15 Vertex attendees could be lucky enough to win one of the incredible prizes our partners have on offer. We will be announcing the winners after the panel, so stick around to see if it's you – and, of course, to attend our networking event, where you can mingle with the best in the industry. The prizes: 1x Forest Pack licence from iToo Soft 1x RealFlow 10 from Next Limit 1x RealFlow | Cinema 4D 2 from Next Limit 1x Maxwell 4 (Studio and/or any of the integration plugins available) 1x ftrackftrack Studio account with 10 users for 12 months subscription (worth $2,400) 1x Escape Studios' Intro to Houdini course in 2018 1x Escape Studios Taster Day voucher 1x Blackmagic Filmmaker’s kit (URSA Mini 4K, with Fusion and DaVinci Resolve Studio) 1x License of KeyShot Pro, worth $1,995. 3x six-month access to AnimDojo 2x X-Particles and Cycles 4D licenses from Insydium 1x PullItDown Pro Licence worth 400 EUROS from Thinkinetic 03. Get one-on-one time with pro artists Our Ask An Artist section gives you a rare opportunity to troubleshoot with the pros In our Ask An Artist area, you can spend some one-on-one time with talented people in the industry, who will answer those burning questions or workflow problems you have. We have lined up... Valentina Rosselli, MPC – texturing technical director Joel Best, Framestore – generalist technical director Andrew Baggarley, Dneg – surfacing lead Zakaria Boumediane, Framestore – senior environment technical director Stephen Molyneaux – freelance concept artist Ant Ward – generalist and 3D World contributor Get your Vertex 2018 ticket now We have even more on offer for you at Vertex, including portfolio reviews, an expo area showcasing the latest tech and a networking event. Don't miss out! Get your ticket now or register for a free expo pass. And don't forget to download our show guide too. See you there. Related articles: Scott Ross to talk at Vertex Press start on your game art skills at Vertex Get top advice from DNeg, Framestore and MPC artists View the full article

CANCUN, Mexico – A new analysis of the Russian-speaking Sofacy APT gang shows a continual march toward Far East targets and overlapping of activities with other groups such as Lamberts, Turla and Danti. Researchers at Kaspersky Lab this morning at its Security Analyst Summit, released their update on Sofacy, also known as APT28, Fancy Bear, […] View the full article

Hanwha is patching 13 vulnerabilities in its SmartCam security camera that allows attackers to take control of the device, use it to gain further network access or just brick it. View the full article

Remember 2008? It set the stage for a host of political events that would unfold over the coming decade, with the global financial crisis and the election of Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States both taking place during that year. To take stock of the major moments from the last 10 years, London's Design Museum is hosting an exhibition that will showcase significant political graphic design work. The exhibition, called Hope to Nope: Graphics and Politics 2008-18, will feature an array of graphic design – including traditional posters and protest placards – as well as look at how technology and internet memes have played an increasingly important role in the outcome of recent events. "From the global financial crash and the Arab Spring, to ISIS, Brexit and Trump, this exhibition explores the numerous ways graphic messages have challenged, altered and influenced key political moments," says a statement on the Design Museum site. Je Suis Charlie, image credit: Paul SKG "Journey through Occupy Wall Street, Hong Kong's Umbrella Revolution and the streets of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Explore over 160 objects and installations, and uncover the real-time social media conversation around political leaders, through dynamic displays created in partnership with leading social listening platform, Pulsar." Split into three sections –Power, Protest and Personality – Hope to Nope features a timeline that divides the gallery space. This timeline tracks how social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook have helped to shape and influence events, for better or worse, over the last 10 years. Power examines how institutes use graphic design to establish authority, as well as looking at how these techniques have been subverted by anti-authoritarians. Meanwhile Protest, the largest section, looks at the graphic designs used by campaigners and protestors. Women's march, Washington DC,January 2017. Image credit: Chris Wiliams Zoeica The final section, Personality, explores how political figures have been represented in graphic design. Notable examples include works from youth culture such as the unofficial Jeremy Corbyn Nike logo T-shirt. Curated by the Design Museum's Margaret Cubbage and GraphicDesign&'s Lucienne Roberts and David Shaw, with Rebecca Wright, Hope to Nope runs from 28 March to 12 August 2018. Opening image credit: Scott Wong Related articles: Presidential portrait draws a mixed reaction Why controversial UKIP logo falls on the branding sword Savage Brexit stamps are the best of British View the full article

One golden rule that any designer is guaranteed to come up against time and again is this: don't mess with the logo. Somewhere in most style guides you'll find a section telling you exactly how to use the logo, and warning you in no uncertain terms not to mess about with the logo design, under any circumstances, ever. 5 logo design trends for 2018 Which is fair enough; branding needs consistency if it's going to do its job, after all. But sometimes you just have to break the rules – something that McDonald's has done twice recently. McDonald's has broken all the logo rules with these cleverly cropped billboards First it put up billboards in Canada, cropping the iconic Golden Arches logo to give directions to the nearest restaurant. Then for International Women's Day, it turned the logo upside down, making it into a big W. Such logo manipulation is a ballsy move, and while it's paid off for McDonald's with a stack of publicity, it's the sort of trick a brand can only really get away with if its logo is instantly recognisable. So, how well can you guess the logo if it's been given a serious crop? Test your brand awareness with our extreme close-up logo quiz... Related articles: 10 of the best logos ever The 20 biggest logos of 2017 5 fascinating stories behind unusual logo designs View the full article

Procreate has quickly become my go-to digital painting app. Thanks to the portability of the iPad Pro, its appeal to me was to be able to create high-resolution digital paintings from anywhere, with the same quality you would find in a desktop program. Procreate’s clean and simple interface makes it welcoming to new and novice artists alike, and once paired with the Apple Pencil, I found it to feel the most natural way to draw digitally. Don’t be fooled by appearances, though: this application offers all the tools you’ll need to create higher-level artwork. The more I use this app, the more new tools, adjustments and shortcuts I find. 30 of the best Procreate brushes For this workshop, I’ll be painting entirely using the Procreate app. The process is similar to working in Photoshop: making use of multiple layers, colour adjusting and using a variety of brushes. All of the brushes I use are straight from the Procreate library, but the app allows for easy import of downloaded or imported brushes as well. I try to work in the least amount of layers possible, so it feels more like painting on a canvas. I decided to pay homage to classic fairy tale illustrations for this piece – in this case, Snow White and the poison apple. I love the old storybook paintings, and decided to try my take on the subject matter. 01. Start with a sketch Keep your ideas loose with a concept sketch Procreate has a great selection of 'sketching' brushes, and my go-to is the 6B Pencil brush. I loosely sketch out the concept of Snow White and the apple, not worrying too much about details and specifics, but just blocking in very general ideas. I know I can change and tighten ideas later on, so I keep the sketch simple. 02. Refining the idea and inking Avoid using a black brush to keep a softer look Next, I lower the Opacity of the pencil sketch layer. I create a separate layer on top and choose the Brush Pen from the Calligraphy Menu. I choose a dark brown colour to ink, avoiding black (for now) for a softer look. Using simple strokes, I ink over the drawing. 03. Blocking in flat colours Basic colours are blocked in Now having both the light pencils and inks, I merge the two layers and set the combined layer to Multiply. Then I create a layer underneath and then fill the background with a green colour using the Paint Bucket tool. Next, I select the Hard Airbrush and fill in the very basic, flat colours of the drawing that are underneath the lines. 04. Know your light source A grey - blue brush is used to establish shade I select the Flat Brush and set its brush properties to Multiply, before choosing a grey-blue colour. I decide that one light source should come in from the left, so I lightly paint in a thin layer of shadows on the figure and start to define her shape. I tackle a bit of the shadows in the background at the same time. 05. Time to paint Use existing colours to keep the illustration cohesive Now that I have the basics laid out, I create a layer on top and set the Flat Brush properties back to Normal. I eye-drop the colours, then choose lighter colours to push things forward and darker colours to pull things back. I also try to choose colours that are already on the screen, which keeps the colour palette cohesive. 06. Pushing the values A dark brown brush intensifies the shadows Now that the basic textures are painted on Snow White’s face, dress and hair, I create a Multiply layer on top. Still using the Flat Brush, I lightly go over the painting with a dark brown colour to intensify the shadows. I also make the four corners darker, which places more emphasis on the centre of the painting. 07. Painting over shadows Lighter colours are added to the shadows I like to pick a lighter colour (in this case, a light turquoise/blue) and paint inside the shadows. I do this in thin, gradual layers and build up the Opacity where it’s closest to the edge or where it’s the darkest. This can help to create a rim lighting effect. 08. Playing around with curves Adjusting this single layer changes all aspects of the art Procreate has different colour adjustment options. I like to use the Curves tool to play with contrast, and Color Balance to tweak the colours in the shadows, midtones and highlights of the painting. Since I’m working in one layer at this point, the adjustments change all aspects of the piece. 09. On to the background Background colours are defined in the same way as the central figure Using the same principles as painting Snow, I start defining the background. I use colours that are local to the painting, eye-dropping yellow for highlights and dark browns for shadows. I slowly start to render out the leaves, roof tiles and wood grain, still using the Flat Brush. 10. All about the details Bold colour decisions make the artwork look crisp After using the Flat Brush for the bulk of the painting, I select a Hard Airbrush to focus on details, reducing the diameter to make the brush head smaller. Since this brush is opaque, I try to make bold decisions in colour and highlights, giving the painting a crisper look. 11. Brighten the composition with the Color Dodge setting Be careful not to go overboard with the highlights Now moving on to a soft airbrush, I pick a local yellow colour and set the brush properties to Color Dodge. Then I very lightly paint in some highlights around the leaves, wood and face of Snow White. I try to keep these highlights to a minimum to avoid a heavily airbrushed look. 12. Going a bit further Trees and flowers help suggest a forest location Next I switch back to the Hard Airbrush and add elements that were not originally in my sketch. I paint in some trees, flowers and a subtle background to suggest a forest location. I use the Brush Pen from the Calligraphy menu to paint tree branches and grass blades, because it tapers off nicely at the ends. 13. Adopting a different perspective A mirrored image helps to reveal any flaws Throughout the process and more often at the end, I like to flip the canvas horizontally. If something seems off, seeing the mirrored version of the painting usually helps to identify any problems. This is also a great way to check symmetry. The painting should make sense both normally as well as mirrored. 14. Taking a final glance, before calling things done Minor details are added before calling it a day I feel like I’ve come to a point where the painting is almost complete. Using the Hard Airbrush, I look for places to add minor details and make any adjustments and tweaks. This is also the point where I play with the Curves and Color Adjustments one last time. And with that, the painting is finished! This article was originally published in issue 156 of ImagineFX, the world's best-selling magazine for digital artists. Buy issue 156 here or subscribe to ImagineFX here. Related articles: How to create a vivid fairy queen Paint a Grimm fairy tale-inspired illustration How to paint a dreamlike fantasy forest scene View the full article

A vulnerability recently found in several robots on the market can enable hackers to cause them to stop working, curse at customers, or even perform violent movements as part of ransomware attacks. View the full article

When it comes to grabbing people's attention with digital advertising, both space and attention spans tend to be in short supply. Simplicity and clarity are absolutely crucial. Our eyes are bombarded with content of all shapes and sizes – both welcome and unwelcome – and increasingly brands are turning to the highly personalised, targeted options offered by the likes of Google and Facebook. But carefully placed display ads aren't going away anytime soon. If you're tasked with designing an online ad campaign for a brand, read on for our five top tips to nail the client's KPIs with engaging and effective digital ads that really work... 01. Know your ad formats Glue London's award-winning digital ad campaign for Mini made smart use of the skyscraper format First up, it's important to consider the format, or formats, you're working with. In the UK, one of the most popular ad sizes is the MPU – which, depending on who you ask, stands for mid-page unit or multi-purpose unit, and measures 300x250 pixels. These are called Med Rec, MREC or Medium Rectangle ads in the US. Also very commonly seen are leaderboard ads, which measure 728x90 pixels, and usually sit prominently at the top of a web page – ensuring maximum visibility. Tall and thin skyscraper ads, which measure 160x600 pixels, are generally placed down the side of a page. There are many other formats, including buttons, billboards, banners and more invasive ads such as pop-ups – which could come up against blockers at the user's end. According to Google, wider ad sizes generally outperform their taller counterparts – partly because of their usual placement, but also because reading from left to right rather than vertically is more familiar and comfortable. There are many ways to think creatively within the restrictions of any of these formats. Glue London's 2007 launch campaign for the new Mini is a great example: its smart use of a close-cropped image and mirrored text on a simple skyscraper ad helped win it a D&AD Graphite Pencil. 02. Pick a single message Virgin's #FlauntIt campaign uses its trademark cheeky tone, and its association with red, to convey brand values without cluttering the image Another crucial rule of thumb when it comes to digital ad campaigns is to keep the message brutally simple. Packing in too much information makes an already cramped format look cluttered, messy and confusing. Multiple layers of messaging can be added using animation or video, and this can be effective sometimes, but it's not always the best solution. Even if you do end up adding more dynamic features, start with an idea that works when pared back to a simple static ad. It'll help you to clarify the concept. Pick the one thing that the ad needs to communicate. Is it general brand building, driving traffic, selling a particular product, or promoting an event, for instance? Sometimes, in defining this message, you may need to strip out elements of standard brand messaging – a complex logo or long tagline may need to be sacrificed here. This is where distinctive brand voice, or other recognisable brand assets – colours, style of art direction, a typeface – could need to work hard to associate the ad with the brand through visual shorthand, rather than spelling it out. 03. Choose one killer image Amnesty International teamed up with AdBlock for this freedom of speech campaign, which made use of striking close-cropped black-and-white portraits Don't try to pack each ad with images to get the point across. There's generally only a tiny space to work with, and it's much more effective to invest in a single killer shot that compels attention and draws people in. As with the copy, images in digital ads should be sharp, clear, singular in message, and easy to understand at a glance. Faces work well as they are easy to relate to, establish eye contact and can convey emotion quickly. When it comes to selling particular products, it's often more effective to zoom in close on a single item that represents the brand, rather than trying to show off a whole range of things. Avoid complicated patterns and backgrounds, as they distract attention. One way to choose the right image quickly is to start with the single message you've picked for the ad to communicate in mind, and think what the clearest visual manifestation of that would be. Sometimes this might be a mood, or a more abstract concept, but if you're selling a specific thing don't be afraid to be literal. Think about context, too. You want your ad to stand out, so if the website it's being placed on is awash with bright colours then a black-and-white photo, or a design that makes use of white space, could stand out much more. 04. Think about dynamic cropping This strikingly simple ad campaign for Pedigree features a close-crop of a dog, surrounded by plenty of flat colour background to let the message punch out If you're designing a digital campaign that makes use of the same image across multiple ad formats, you'll need to consider cropping. Given the small canvas size, and often awkward shapes involved, tight crops and detail shots are often essential to achieve impact. Cut-outs, set on flat colour backgrounds or white space, can be an effective way to create a versatile design framework that works in lots of different contexts. It also gives you a base on which to set the type, keeping the key message of the ad crisp and clear. Don't feel you need to pack every inch of the space, just because it's available. On a cluttered page, often the eye is drawn to the lightest or brightest areas of the screen first, so white space definitely isn't wasted space – just make sure your client understands that too. 05. Emphasise the call to action In this savvy campaign for Pink Ribbon Germany, the call to action 'Check it before it's removed' also referred to the inevitable social media censorship for the images Of course, what all of this is ultimately about is encouraging people to click through to something. Once you've chosen your format, defined the right message for the campaign and conveyed it as clearly and effectively as possible through imagery, it helps to be clear about what people should do next. You don't have much room to do this, so while sometimes it's worth being very literal – such as the 'Read more' link in the Amnesty International example above. Direct instructions that explain what happens next are more effective than a generic 'Click here.' If you're promoting an event, for instance, 'Buy tickets' is a better choice as it communicates the end goal. If there's a particular offer, mention it in the call to action: 'Click here to save 50%' is much more compelling. Sometimes, however, a compelling image can almost stand alone – with only a punchy tagline to establish the context. DDB Group's bold breast cancer awareness campaign for Pink Ribbon Germany was structured entirely around the fact that the images featured (artfully shot, entirely non-gratuitous) bare breasts, and the agency knew that Facebook and Instagram would soon begin deleting them. 'Check it before it's removed' was the inspired double-meaning tagline for the campaign, and a potentially life-changing call to action for women at risk of breast cancer. And as the posts were routinely removed, mainstream media attention grew. Related articles: 40 traffic-stopping examples of billboard advertising Are these the strangest advertising campaigns ever? 10 advertisers that use creativity to boost their brand View the full article

In the crowded online market, getting people to look at your product isn't easy – and getting them to buy can be even tougher. You need to know how to market your products, and you can learn that art with the Complete Digital Marketing Course. It's on sale now for just $19 (approx. £14)! Finding success isn’t just a matter of luck – it requires knowing how to attract an audience, and appeal to their needs and interests. You can learn how to do just that with the Complete Digital Marketing Course. This 12-lesson plan is packed with over 20 hours of actionable information on how to master SEO, Google AdWords, social media marketing, and much more. With this course, you'll be getting tons of views and selling in no time. You can get the Complete Digital Marketing Course on sale now for just $19 (approx. £14). That's 90 per cent off the retail price for a can't miss collection of courses that will pay for itself, so grab this deal today! About Creative Bloq deals This great deal comes courtesy of the Creative Bloq Deals store – a creative marketplace that's dedicated to ensuring you save money on the items that improve your design life. We all like a special offer or two, particularly with creative tools and design assets often being eye-wateringly expensive. That's why the Creative Bloq Deals store is committed to bringing you useful deals, freebies and giveaways on design assets (logos, templates, icons, fonts, vectors and more), tutorials, e-learning, inspirational items, hardware and more. Every day of the working week we feature a new offer, freebie or contest – if you miss one, you can easily find past deals posts on the Deals Staff author page or Offer tag page. Plus, you can get in touch with any feedback at: deals@creativebloq.com. Related articles: Promote your brand with content marketing 10 design tools for marketing professionals How to market yourself as a freelance designer: 7 top tips View the full article

Some designers seem to just have it sorted: great clients, awesome work, and an effortless workflow. Have you ever wondered what their secret is? Route One Print – the UK's biggest trade printer – decided to find out, by surveying graphic designers from a range to industries to uncover their secrets to success. The team then dug into the results and sorted through their answers to find out exactly what it is that makes a great designer, and you can discover what they found out in a free ebook: 7 Habits of a Highly Effective Designer. > Download 7 Habits of a Highly Effective Designer here While there isn't a silver bullet that will turn you into the Milton Glaser overnight, there are certain habits and traits that will help you bring your design business to greatness. This ebook covers everything from where to find inspiration and how to turn those initial sparks into working ideas, to how to stay on top of new developments and use feedback to improve your skillset. Finally, there are tips for really nailing a project brief, so you can be sure you're delivering exactly what your client needs. In this free ebook, leading designers also offer the benefit of their experience to help you get a head-start in the industry. They've shared what they wish they'd known when they first started out, and along with some valuable advice for improving your workflow and techniques, so you don't need to learn everything the hard way. Graphic designers from a range of backgrounds – from entertainment to nonprofits – all participated in the survey, to give a comprehensive overview of the industry, and because everything in this free ebook comes from design professionals, you know it's advice you can trust. Download it now to find out more. View the full article

The fifth annual conference for web designers and frontend developers is brought to you by net magazine, Creative Bloq and Web Designer. Featuring 16 fantastic speakers, it covers web animation, IA, JavaScript, performance, CSS, UX, content strategy, diversity, and much more. If you work in web design or development then you'll want to attend Generate NYC on 25-27 April 2018, for lots of good reasons, and here are 10 of them. 01. There's a top line-up of 16 speakers We've gathered together some of the biggest names in web design for Generate NYC 2018 to share their knowledge and inspire you to create better work than ever before. Our stellar line-up includes Donna Lichaw, Dan Mall, Wes Bos, Val Head, Cynthia Saucier, Jenn Lukas, Abby Covert, and nine other great speakers. Check out the whole lot. 02. It's in a new venue Generate NYC has moved home! The conference will take place at the Metropolitan Pavilion in Manhattans desirable Chelsea neighbourhood. A beautiful open space, close to subway lines and hotels, this is the perfect venue for our fifth Generate in NYC! Check out their site for hotel deals. Generate NYC has moved to the Metropolitan Pavilion in Manhattans desirable Chelsea neighbourhood 03. You'll learn about tomorrow's trends today Things move pretty fast in the web business, and whether you're in web design or frontend development you need to be up to speed on the latest web trends. Over three days, 4 workshops and 16 sessions you'll learn about web animation, IA, JavaScript, performance, CSS, UX, content strategy, diversity, and much more besides. The event will also give you an inspiration boost. If you're running low on creative energy it can be easy to let your work become mundane. Attending events like Generate puts you in a room with energised, vibrant people who will remind you why the web is amazing and give you new perspectives from which to view your contribution. 04. You won't miss a thing Ever found yourself torn between two equally appealing conference sessions happening at the same time? That's not a problem at Generate NYC, as for the first time it's a single-track programme, which means you'll be able to attend all the sessions without missing out on anything. Also, videos and slide decks of all the sessions will be made available to attendees after the event, so you can dig deeper and don't have to spend ages taking notes. You can then even share them with the rest of your team. In fact, sharing what you've learnt is positively encouraged! Up your skills and get ahead of the game; book your Generate ticket today! 05. Enjoy a whole day of workshops As well as two days of inspiring and practical talks, Generate NYC also features an entire day of in-depth workshops. On 25 April, you can learn new skills from the best in the business. There are four workshops to choose from; you can learn information architecture for everybody with Abby Covert, get an intro to React JS with Wes Bos, learn essential web animation techniques with Val Head, and modern front-end performance strategies and techniques with Jason Lengstorf Learn information architecture for everybody with Abby Covert 06. It's a great networking opportunity As well as a lineup of quality speakers, Generate NYC also offers a great opportunity to forge new contacts among the other attendees. Whether it's during one of the session breaks, or later on at the post-conference happy hour, it's the perfect chance to meet other web professionals and expand your network. 07. You will stay ahead of the competition If you're not offering up-to-date services then you can be sure that potential clients will seek out other studios and agencies that do. Generate NYC is the perfect place to boost your skillset and get insight into where you should be focusing your efforts for the future. If you're not there then you can be sure that your competitors will be. Don't get left behind; book today! 08. There's a goodie bag and lunch Attendees will receive a jam-packed Generate goodie bag full of useful content, including the latest copy of net magazine. Lunch and refreshments will also be provided every day. 09. We're having a party, too Of course there's also a party, where you'll have a chance to do even more networking with the speakers and fellow attendees. The party will take place straight after the first conference day on Thursday evening. Venue TBC! You might get the chance to meet designer and developer Wes Bos 10. There's a variety of ticket options There is a variety of ticket options to suit everyone's schedule and budget. You can book a workshop-only pass, a single- or two-day conference pass or a full conference + workshop pass. There's also a student conference pass. RELATED ARTICLES: Learn more about APIs at Generate Smart typography tool generates font pairs in an instant 68 best free fonts for designers View the full article

As the industry standard in digital sculpting, ZBrush boasts a toolset flexible enough to allow it's users to choose a 3D art workflow that suits them best. With so many options available it can be easy to miss less used or older features that might be perfect for a particular situation. What follows are 10 things that you may or may not have known about ZBrush, mostly aimed at beginner and intermediate users - but there might be the odd one that is useful to seasoned users depending on your workflow of choice. 01. Sketching ideas in PaintStop Sketch out your ideas with ZBrush's inbuilt drawing plug-in PaintStop While Quicksketch mode may be more popular for roughing out ideas, ZBrush also has its own built in painting and drawing plug-in called 'PaintStop'. Pre-installed with all the latest versions of ZBrush, you will find Paintstop under Documents > PaintStop. When launched you will be taken to a minimalist UI with Brush and Canvas settings along the top and the Brush types down the left hand side. While not as full featured as stand-alone apps such as Art Rage, Photoshop or Sketchbook Pro, PaintStop still has a wealth of natural media tools that allow you to sketch and paint out ideas. It has the added benefit of allowing you to load anything you sketch directly back into ZBrush for use as reference or as a texture. 02. Spotlight as a reference tool Although primarily a texturing tool, the Spotlight feature in ZBrush can also be used for reference images to aid in sculpting Although primarily a texturing tool, the Spotlight feature in ZBrush can also be used for reference images to aid in sculpting. This is particularly useful if you have limited screen real estate or don't have access to a secondary monitor. Start by importing a reference image via Texture > Import, with the image loaded, click on 'Add to Spotlight'. Spotlight will appear with the image loaded, now go back to Texture>Import and add as many reference images as needed, they will automatically be added into the Spotlight Tool. To ensure our sculpting brushes function normally we need to make sure the Spotlight Projection feature is turned off. This can be turned off by going to Brush>Samples>Spotlight Projection. 03. Using Transpose Move Tool for extrusions and non-uniform scaling Using this technique when blocking out objects or characters can be an efficient way to work I use this technique when blocking out objects or characters and combined with the masking tools in ZBrush, it can be an efficient way to work. For example when blocking out a character using you could use the Move or SnakeHook brush to pull out the arms, or alternatively mask off an area, switch to the Transpose Move tool (W) and extrude out the shape. When creating hard surface objects, combine this with the Shift key to ensure you get a straight extrusion. This technique can also be used as an alternative to the Transpose Scale tool (R) for non-uniform scaling and in many cases I find it more intuitive and quicker. 04. Rigging with ZSpheres You can also use ZSpheres to rig single and multiple subtools The Transpose tool is more commonly used for posing in ZBrush but it is important to note that you can also use ZSpheres to rig single and multiple subtools. As it is an older method of posing in ZBrush, new users may be unaware of it, but it is a powerful tool all the same. The key to this is start with a single ZSphere and then go to Tool > Rigging > Select Mesh, pick the mesh you wish to rig and then start building up the skeleton using ZSpheres. It is similar to placing joints in other 3d apps like Maya and Softimage. Once you are happy with the rig, go to Tool > Rigging > Bind Mesh, now you are free to pose the mesh as required. 05. Customise the UI One of ZBrush's greatest strengths lies in how flexible it is as an artist's tool One of ZBrush's greatest strengths lies in how flexible it is as an artist's tool, allowing you to get to the same result in a way you find most comfortable for your style and workflow. This is extends to the UI, which can be customised in subtle ways, for example changing the colour of the UI to the more advanced options of creating a totally bespoke UI with custom menus and pop-ups. To get started go to Preferences > Config > Enable Customise, this will turn on the Customise mode and allow you to rearrange and alter the UI. A quick internet search for custom Zbrush UI's will give you a wealth of ideas - personally I just change the UI colour, while leaving the layout at default. 06. Load multiple objects One of the most useful plug-ins is the SubTool Master ZBrush comes pre-installed with a wealth of plug-ins that help improve productivity. One of the most useful is the SubTool Master, allowing you greater control over your various subtools which is a life-saver if you are working on a mesh with a lot of parts. For example, if you have built a basemesh in an external app such as Maya and it is made up of a lot of separate pieces, loading these into ZBrush one by one can be tiresome. Subtool Master makes this process quicker, first start by loading one mesh, i.e. a characters head, now go to Plugin > Subtool Master > MultiAppend, this will let you select the remaining parts and load them all in at once. 07. Backface masking Turn on the 'Backface Masking' feature to avoid geometry collapsing A common issue for new ZBrush users is when it comes to sculpting thinner parts of a mesh where the geometry will collapse in on itself. To fix this we have to turn on the 'Backface Masking' feature, this option automatically masks areas that are facing away from the camera, allowing us to sculpt on thinner meshes without problems. To turn in on go to Brush > AutoMasking > Backface Masking. It is important to note, however, that this should only be turned on for certain brushes as it can have undesired effects with certain brushes, for example the Move Brushes (Move, Move Elastic, Move Topological) will not work as expected. 08. Initialize primitives ZBrush primitives work a little differently from traditional polygon modelling apps For new users moving from traditional polygon modelling apps it might be strange working with the ZBrush primitives as they work a little differently in ZBrush. It isn't immediately apparent that you can edit the primitive before turning it into a polymesh to be sculpted. The key to this is the 'Intialize' tab under the Tool menu. Some primitives have more options than others but they will give you more control over how your base primitives start out and lets you create brand new primitives as well. For example, the Ring3D primitive can be edited into a more conical shape, that could be used as the base for an animal or creature horn. 09. Topology and polygroup masking Polygroup masking will allow you to adjust how much influence a brush has over a Polygroup Earlier we looked at the Backface Masking feature but there are many other useful masking types that can be used to improve your workflow. Two that I use regularly are Topology and Polygroup masking, both of which are found under the Brush > Auto Masking menu. Polygroup masking will allow you to adjust how much influence a brush has over a Polygroup, with the setting at full, you will only be able to sculpt on the first polygroup you select. With Topology masking if you have two separate objects that make up one subtool, this option adjusts if you can sculpt across one or both of the surfaces. With the setting at full you will only be able to sculpt across one of the surfaces. These options can be very useful when detailing your subtools, in particular for creating clothing seams or hard surfaces. 10. Setting up reference planes While ZBrush only has a single camera, you can still set up reference images If you are moving from apps such as Maya, Softimage or 3DS Max then you might miss the classic quad view that you can apply reference images to. While ZBrush only has a single camera, you can still set up reference images. Using the toolbar to the right of the canvas, turn on the X, Y and Z floor grids, now access the Draw menu and scroll to the Front-Back, Up-Down and Left-Right sections. Here you can import and map images to the desired axis, there are also a number of options for adjusting the image in ZBrush, such as flipping the image if it is pointing the wrong way, negating the need to alter the images in an external app like Photoshop. Book your Vertex 2018 ticket now On 13 March we’re launching Vertex 2018: a one-day event in London for the CG community. Featuring a jam-packed schedule of inspiring talks from the industry’s most exciting practitioners, there will also be workshops, networking opportunities, a busy expo and lots more. Get your ticket to Vertex 2018 now. This article was originally published in issue 231 of 3D World, the world's best-selling magazine for CG artists. Buy issue 231 here or subscribe to 3D World here. Related articles: Model an alien pirate creature in ZBrush The best VR headsets for 2018 Behind the scenes on The Shape of Water View the full article

In the design world, a standard business card based on one of the many business card templates out there just won't cut it. Like a mini creative resume, a business card is a small but powerful marketing tool that enables you to showcase your unique identity and help you stand out. Your business card should leave a long lasting impression and reflect a little piece of your personality. To inspire you, we scoured the web to find some innovative business card designs. Here goes! 01. Jim Profitt We love this beautifully simplistic design from furniture designer Jim Profitt We absolutely love this simple yet clever business card design from furniture designer Jim Profitt. His contact information is small and subtle, yet still clear, with the brilliantly crafted pop-up chair left to tell prospective clients everything they need to know. 02. Lush For the best results, spread seeds then add lush. Genius This brilliant business card design by Struck Creative cleverly doubles as a seed pouch for lawn and property management company Lush. Not only does it provide all the relevant information in a clear and concise way, it hold precious cargo, meaning it's much less likely to be discarded. 03. Gong Kantapon Kantapon covered a poster of a woman in mini cards that passers-by could peel off New York City-based illustrator Gong Kantapon went all out when it came to getting his business card noticed. Kantapon covered a poster of a woman in mini cards, that passers-by could peel off and take away. It got everyone's full attention by leaving people wondering just what would be revealed when the cards were removed. 04. Lego business card These Lego minifig business cards are customised to match their owner Not only do the guys who work at Lego have a super-cool job, they also get these awesome Lego minifigure business cards. It's been reported that the company does its best to match each employee's features, even down to their hair and accessories. The individual's name, email and contact number are then printed on the figure's clothes. Best business card ever! 05. Bon Vivant Ad agency JWT designed this awesome cheese grater business card design for Bon Vivant We love this business card, which doubles as a tiny cheese grater, for Brazilian cheese store Bon Vivant. Created by ad agency JWT, the clever networking tool had proved extremely popular, with the owner having to tell customers to wait a few days before returning to take another. The awesome design also comes complete with a protective sleeve. All in all, a simply grate idea! (See what we did there? OK, we'll get our coats...) 06. Cotton business cards These business cards have a hidden secret These business cards from MOO may not look anything out of the ordinary, but they’re in fact made entirely out of offcuts from cotton T-shirts (the fabric left over once the pattern has been cut out). The company worked with Mohawk Fine Papers to reinvent one of the oldest methods of paper-making. The T-shirt offcuts are collected, turned into a pulp then dried and pressed into strong, flexible, naturally bright white paper, ready to be turned into premium business cards. Watch the video to see how it’s done. 07. Flow Yoga Flow Yoga's innovative business card lets the materials do the talking The innovative business card for this Vancouver-based yoga studio has been designed to leave a lasting impression: it has been fashioned from flexible foam, and rolls up just like a real yoga mat. A great example of a designer cleverly using a material to communicate their message. 08. Engraved John T.Kim created this design by laser cutting and etching basswood The clue is in the title of these 'Engraved' unique business cards by New York-based designer John T.Kim. Created by laser cutting and etching basswood, the woodgrain pattern makes every card truly unique. Engraved started life as a kickstarted project with a funding goal of $1,500. It ran for 30 days, and during that time garnered enough attention to raise nearly $24,000. 09. MODHair This cool musical comb business card plays a rock theme When its owner runs their fingernail along the teeth of this musical comb, it plays a classic rock theme. The innovative concept was developed by Amsterdam-based designer Fabio Milito for MODhair, a rock'n'roll hair salon in Rome. A brilliant way to encapsulate the brand's identity in a single card. 10. Bentply This ingenious business card can be folded into a miniature armchair What you see here is a neat letterpress business card and mailer for furniture shop Bentply in London that can be made into a mini plywood chair. The ingenious card was created by designer Richard C Evans and produced by Elegante Press in Lithuania. Just follow the instructions and the kiss-cut card can be folded into a miniature of the iconic 1934 plywood armchair designed by Gerald Summers. 11. Greek A brilliant design by Draft FCB for Greek restaurant OK, so these probably aren't the most practical business cards in the world, but the idea is pretty cool. Developed by Cape Town-based creative agency FCB, these creative cards were crafted for a Greek restaurant, and play on the traditional Greek custom of smashing plates. Made from broken pieces of pottery, the unique design is decorated simply with the restaurant's name and telephone number. 12. Yuka Suzuki Hair and make-up artist Yuka Suzuki sells her creative skills with these brilliant business cards The hair and make-up industry is a competitive one, so Yuka Suzuki decided to develop a business card that would make her stand out from the crowd. The clever design uses different coloured hair grips to create colourful hair styles, and the owner gets some free hair accessories to boot. Cool huh? 13. Choko La Clients get two treats with this design; a delicious chocolate and a brilliantly creative business card This candy wrapper business card is, unsurprisingly, a popular design. Another entry by ad agency FCB, this time to promote a range of delicious chocolates. This design incorporates two treats; a chocolate and a brilliantly creative business card. Genius. 14. Techkeys This business card design certainly ticks the 'innovative' box We've come across what might be the world's geekiest offering; it's a business card that also doubles up as a computer keyboard, created by Techkeys. "This PCB with on-board re-programmable ATMEGA16U2 allows for full flexibility for hackers, tinkerers, and makers," says the company. "Take home one of these as a project, keycap display, switch tester, or a shortcut to yours truly, TechKeys.us." 15. Martyna Wędzicka A personal and handmade approach makes these business cards unique Polish designer Martyna Wędzicka has created these gorgeous business cards to highlight her hands-on approach to projects and design in general. The clear canvas allows Wędzicka to add a personal touch with some brilliant doodle art. 16. Elfriede-Lilly Friedeberg The letterpress business cards capture Friedeberg's aesthetic Elfriede-Lilly Friedeberg is a Berlin-based illustrator and graphic design student who creates inspiring, colourful and cute characters and patterns that are guaranteed to raise a smile. Packed full of pastel tones and handmade style, these brilliant business cards sum Friedeberg up perfectly. 17. Cerovski London-based agency Bunch was responsible for the business cards These business cards were created for Cerovski – a Croatian print production studio that revels in the challenge of “nebulous finishing, microscopic editions, absurd materials and crazy deadlines”. London design agency Bunch was responsible for developing its entire brand – which included a custom logotype and typeface – but it's the business cards that we've fallen in love with. 18. Doctor Zamenhof These business card designs will make you drop your jaw in awe Spain-based design studio Doctor Zamenhof aims to 'diagnose' design problems and prescribe remedies and solutions. Continuing this medical theme, the team has designed this rather brilliant set of business cards that mimic tongue depressors. The stick shape features all of the design studio's contact information and will certainly stand out from other business card offerings. 19. Vitor Bonates Vitor Bonates combines work and play with these creative business cards How cool is this personal buisness card for designer Vitor Bonates? A self-confessed lover of music and vinyl, Bonates based his card on classic vinyl records, replacing track name and details with his own and finishing off the design with a sleeve that holds the replica record. A simple but brilliant idea. 20. BDH Millwork Leftover wood from BDH Millwork provides the material for its innovative business card Canadian advertising studio WAX are the team behind these sophisticated buisness cards for cabinet-maker Brad Haniak of BDH Millwork. On a tiny budget, the WAX team came up with the idea of rubber-stamping Haniak's business card information onto pieces of leftover wood, available in abundance at his carpentry workshop. 21. Powell Peralta We love the design and attention to detail in these skateboard business cards We're a little in love with these miniature skateboard business cards for American skateboard company Powell-Peralta. The design follows true skateboard style, made of thin wood and featuring grip tape on one side surrounding a skull design. Created by the talented bunch over at Jukebox, all it needs now is a set of wheels! 22. Ritornell This is one of the coolest business cards we've come across to date. As an integral part of its set list, Austrian duo Ritornell invites the audience to bring along their private music boxes. Katharina Hölzl designed the very special business cards, with the aid of laser-assisted milling. They feature nine micro compositions consisting of circles, triangles and Ritornell's contact information applied to a long music box paper stripe. Related articles: The 20 best sneaker designs of all time How to create a Snapchat Geofilter in Photoshop Design a stunning letterhead: 10 expert tips View the full article

For old hands, image resolution and DPI make perfect intuitive sense, but for folk just starting out – or, with wearying inevitability, for those with whom designers collaborate who aren't themselves design professionals – it can be a hideously baffling mess. Yet when you try to answer the question 'what is DPI?', you end up tying yourself in knots – as I can attest from the writing of the below – and so we're here to help. This guide is designed to help everyone understand image resolution, whether you're just starting out; work in a department such as marketing where you have to deal with design professionals; or even are a seasoned pro who needs to point a colleague to a guide that helps explain why, no, just changing the resolution to 300dpi in Photoshop doesn't magically make it a 300dpi image. Well, it does... but not in the way I mean, OK? Which brings me to: this guide will contain a lot of lies to children; that is, some of what I say will be a simplification, and though I'll add some caveats and detail later, I want to try to keep things simple early on. A tangent on vector formats We'll be discussing bitmap formats below (broadly speaking, things like JPEG, PNG, GIF and PSD) because they're the tricky ones when talking about image size: they contain a finite amount of detail. Vector images such as EPS, SVG and AI are usually infinitely scaleable. They have their own problems, but we're ignoring them here! What is a pixel? Bitmap images are formed of rows of coloured squares So probably everyone knows this, but we need to start at the beginning. Irrespective of the format they're saved in, bitmap images are all formed in the same way: rows and rows of coloured squares stacked on top of each other. Zoom into a bitmap image far enough and you can see these squares – 'picture elements' or pixels; a little like individual tiles in Roman mosaics or stitches in cross-stitch – but pull back and your eyes just perceive them as smooth gradients and unbroken lines. What is DPI? DPI stands for 'dots per inch'. Broadly, the higher the DPI, the more information there is in an image, so the more detail you can see and the crisper it looks. Think of it this way: if you were constructing a photo on a wall using coloured tiles which were each an inch square, your image would have a resolution of 1dpi, and you'd have to stand quite a way back to see the image as smooth and coherent. If you instead used tiles half an inch on each side, you'd produce something that was 2dpi, and which you wouldn't have to stand as far back before it stopped looking blocky. (Technically, you only use 'dots per inch' when discussing printed output, while 'pixels per inch' is for displays and digital images, and 'samples per inch' for scanners, but the concepts are all so closely related that at this stage in the explanation, you can treat them interchangeably. This is the most egregious lie to children in this piece; clarification coming later!) Ask not how many pixels per inch, but how big the pixels The above sounds pretty simple – 'more dpi' equals more better, right? – but there's a problem. The problem is that the size of the pixels – or tiles, in the analogy above – is only one of two factors that govern image size and quality. The other is the physical size of an image once it's printed, and the thing that ties them together is how many pixels there are in an image: the pixel dimensions, often expressed as a number of pixels wide and a number tall, such as 640×480. (In photography, image size is usually expressed as megapixels, but that's just arrived at by multiplying the number of pixels wide by the number of pixels tall the images a camera produces are. 640×480=307,200, and since that answer divided by a million – the 'mega' in megapixels – is 0.3, early cameras could be said to produce '0.3 megapixel' images.) The two things – how many dots per inch, and how big the image ends up – are completely dependent on each other (with a caveat that's coming up after Example B); change one, and the other changes. I'm going to give you some examples to help explain how this works, but viewing them here on screen (especially if you're on a smartphone) is only an indication of the effects we're talking about; to get the effect for real, download and print out this PDF, and follow along! The figures I mention refer to this document, not what you see on screen. I've given a photo and logo for each example, as the effect can sometimes affect different types of images in different ways. Example A: Same pixel dimensions, higher DPI; lower physical size Here, there are the same number of pixels in the images on the right as in the originals on the left, but we've just raised the DPI value from 72 to 300. The effect is that there are now more dots to each inch, but because the total number of dots making up the image hasn't changed, the mathematical inevitability is that the image becomes smaller, since each of the pixels which make up the image has become smaller in order to fit more of them into an inch. The grid of pixels that makes up your computer screen never change size – 'a pixel' is a abstract, sizeless thing – but the pixels that make up an image can be printed at any size you like. Below, simplified, is what's happening: Example B: Same physical size, lower DPI; lower pixel dimensions On the left are the original images. On the right, each has had the number of pixels reduced to about a quarter of the original values while maintaining the same physical size, which means that each individual pixel has got bigger and thus the DPI value has dropped (since there are fewer dots fitting into every inch). Here, simplified, is what's happening: Interpolation interjection With me so far? Good, because I'm about to throw a curveball. While Example A doesn't change the amount of information in the image, and Example B reduces it, you can add more information through a process called interpolation. Think of it like this: if you have a blue pixel next to a yellow pixel and want to add a third pixel in between – so that you can either increase the DPI while keeping the image the same physical size, or more usually to increase the size at which it can be output while maintaining a similar DPI – then the computer can guess that that pixel should be green. Sounds great, but in practice, you can't just magic up loads of information that wasn't there in the first place, and that's why taking, say, a 150dpi image and making it 300dpi (at the same physical size) isn't a solution to the problem of not having sufficient resolution. Example C: Higher pixel dimensions (interpolated), same physical size; higher DPI On the left, a 72dpi image, and on the right a 300dpi image made by interpolating information from the one on the left. Here, simplified, is what's happening: However, look more closely at the 300dpi image we just made with interpolation (below, left) and a 300dpi original (below, right), and you'll see that the 'fake' detail we've added with interpolation doesn't compare to an image that genuinely has all that detail. On the PDF, compare the image at the bottom right with the one on the left of the middle row. Next page: How to work with image resolution in Photoshop How do you actually do all this in Photoshop? The 'Image Size…' dialogue in Photoshop – or similar apps – looks simple, but it's a minefield if you don't know what you're doing. If you remember nothing else, remember that all the fields are essentially connected (because the pixel dimensions, resolution and physical printed size are). Changing one value will change others too, depending on what kind of resizing you're trying to do. Here's a guided tour. This maintains the aspect ratio – the relationship between the width and the height – and for almost every job you do, this should be active. Click to toggle. You can see the image size displayed in pixels, centimetres or other measurements. Note that of course everything's still interrelated, so if you switch to centimetres and change the values, the pixel count might change as well. This is the DPI (or, more correctly, the PPI; clarification coming…) of the image. This is the tricky one. With this Resample option unchecked, the pixel dimensions – the number of pixels across and down – of your image won't change as you tweak the values. You're essentially just making each individual pixel bigger and smaller for output (Example A) when you adjust the resolution or physical size. With this box checked, you're changing the pixel dimensions, either up or down. If you ultimately add more pixels (keep an eye on the Dimensions readout at the top), they'll be added using interpolation (Example C). You have some options for how the image is resampled here; if you're unsure, leave it on Automatic. 'Nearest Neighbor' is the only option not to use interpolation, and you should usually not use it; a common exception is if you're dealing with pixel-perfect graphics such as low-res screenshots or eBoy-style pixel art, and you want the detail not to get smeary when you boost or reduce the resolution. In this case, work in increments of 100%. That should hopefully have given you a basic understanding of the role of DPI and resolution, but I bet you still have questions. Let me guess what they are and try to answer them! What DPI should my images be at? For print, 300dpi is usually optimal, but you can get away with less; even 150dpi is often okay for photographic images, though it would be starting to look a bit rubbish for logos and the like. However… But I thought all images for screen should be at 72 or 96dpi? DPI is broadly irrelevant for designing images for screen, and not just because 'DPI' is specifically a print concern. Because you'll be presenting a grid of pixels (your image) slotted one by one into another grid of pixels (a screen), 'the size of the pixels', which is what we're talking about when we're talking about DPI, is irrelevant. So in general terms, you just need to care about the pixel dimensions, not the DPI/PPI. The 72/96dpi thing is a legacy kludge, and you can mostly ignore it, especially with today's high-resolution displays, which have their own problems with creating @2x versions. There's a wrinkle, though: in some contexts, systems can try to read a DPI value from metadata and be clever about how they present an image, when all you want them to do is just display the pixels 1:1. So, much as it annoys me, I do sometimes manually set the resolution of images destined for web pages to 72dpi. My printer prints at 4800dpi, though…? Each pixel on a normal modern computer screen can display one of 16.8 million colours, but when that pixel is printed on, say, an inkjet printer, unless it's pure cyan, magenta, yellow or black, the printer has to recreate what colour it is by placing even tinier dots of pure C, M, Y or K ink within the bounds of that pixel so that our eyes perceive the pixel as the correct colour. Therefore, the number of actual dots per inch the printer needs to be able to place has to be high – much higher than most of the images you'd send to it – in order that you can create the colours necessary for each pixel. And that's why conflating DPI, PPI and SPI as I did early on is actually a terrible idea, technically. Many people do just call all three 'DPI', however – even if Photoshop does correctly call it PPI in its dialogue box – and unless you're getting technical or pedantic, you usually can too. (There's LPI too, but let's not complicate things further.) So is 'resolution' the pixel dimensions or the DPI (or PPI)? Uh, either. Sorry. Different people use the term for each, and anyway it depends on context. If you're unsure, clarify. Related articles: The 10 commandments of Photoshop etiquette The designer's guide to printing a poster Create special print finishes in InDesign View the full article

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Stephen Doyle, creative director of New York-based design studio Doyle Partners, has been called a magician more than once. An outspoken advocate of the joy of designing under duress, his work goes beyond the brief, defying client expectations with unexpected solutions. If you’ve seen his intricate paper sculptures, you’ll understand the magic part. Meticulously constructed from lines of text cut from books, the narrow strips elude gravity and show no glue or pencil markings. Hypertext is a foray into sentence structure And that isn’t where the magic of Doyle’s work stops. In a world of visual overload, his studio's projects – which span everything from graphic and environmental design to video and sculpture – succeed in forcing viewers to stop and think. Unsurprisingly, he’s picked up more than a few awards for his services to design. In 2010 Doyle was honoured at the White House with a National Design Award, and he’s been recognised with a 2014 AIGA Medal for being the ultimate “designer's designer.” Doyle’s speaking in Dublin at OFFSET 2018 – where we’ll be reporting live. We caught up with him ahead of the event to find out what it was like studying and working with design legends like Herb Lubalin, Seymour Chwast and Milton Glaser – and what it takes to launch a world-class design studio of your own… Starting out in design Spotlight on Broadway installation by Doyle Patners Creative Bloq: You studied under the likes of Herb Lubalin, Seymour Chwast and Milton Glaser, and then worked with Tibor Kalman at the start of your career. How did working with such celebrated designers shape your work and thinking in design? Stephen Doyle: My most impressionable class at Cooper Union was one co-taught by Milton Glaser and Henry Wolf. Milton, larger than life, hailing from the Bronx, towered over Henry, refined and delicate, with his Viennese sensibility. The class was editorial design, and at break time, the students would line up at the water fountain and down aspirins. The disagreement between these two design champions was at times ballistic! What kind of a career path could this be, I wondered, when these two titans couldn't agree on a single thing. Just the career for me, I decided, because there didn't seem to be any rules whatsoever: just free-wheeling open-eyed opinion. The opposite of science-based and factual fields, design seemed to be a wide-open frontier with endless possibilities, wide open to reflection and imagination. My kinda playground. Doyle Partners designed a barricade at the International School of Photography that housed a mini photo exhibition viewed only through peepholes You’ve talked before about honing your typographic craft at Rolling Stone. Looking at your career as a whole, how important was this time for you? And how important is it for designers to spend time honing traditional skills in today’s fast-changing design landscape? My first job, at Esquire, and originally working under Milton Glaser there, was where I learned to hone the skills of cooperation. Working as part of a design team is very different from the experience as a solitary flier in school. Telephone skills, collaborating with editors, assigning illustration and photography – all these simple tasks were full of lessons about how to get what you want from others – superiors, comrades and freelancers. It's one of the pleasures of a design career, because it is so very social, and one is exposed to experts of all sorts to learn from. "Read this" is sometimes better whispered than shouted. Stephen Doyle My second step was working at Rolling Stone, and it was here that I began to focus on typography. At the time, I thought that type and design that was the hook for me. But ultimately I learned that the appeal was to be able to refine the narrative – that type and layout were in the service of seduction: "Read this" is sometimes better whispered than shouted. This attention to craft really helped me build out – and differentiate – my own toolkit, and set me nicely apart from many peers. I became not the 'type guy', but better yet, the 'language guy'. It seems, for me, it wasn't so much the typography as the end goal – it was the words. How to launch your own studio Cover design for Metropolis magazine by Doyle Partners Why did you decide to leave M&Co to found your own studio? What did you want to do that you couldn’t working in Kalman’s studio? After a year and a half as art director at M&Co working with Tibor the brilliant, I was challenged by a client that I brought in. He asked me why I had an 'agent' who was taking a large commission from my design work. Hmmmm. I had always fantasised about having my own studio, and I thought, at 28 with no wife and no kids, it was time to make the leap, so that when I failed I would never wake up at, say, 50 years old, and regret never having tried it. Partnering with my friend Bill Drenttel, an ad guy with a business sense, I put all my savings into an account with his name on it too. Terrifying. Our credo from the start was to abide by the rule of the 'Three Fs'. Fun. Fame. Fortune. Pick two – any two. But we could not accept any job that promised only one of these. Stephen Doyle Our credo from the start was to abide by the rule of the 'Three Fs'. Fun. Fame. Fortune. Pick two – any two. But we could not accept any job that promised only one of these. Eventually, I became romantically involved with one of my clients, who became my wife, and that added yet another 'F' to the equation, but we're not going to go there right now... What advice would you give to other designers who are thinking about launching their own studios? Launching your own studio is, as always, a serious commitment. Consider yourself, and identify your shortcomings. Now go out there and find that kid from school, or from your social circles who has those skills that you don't. Team up with her or him: you'll be stronger and more versatile, and have twice as many contacts to start with. Pledge honesty with each other or call it off. Work your brains out for five days a week, and take the weekends off. Feed your mind. Don't look at design blogs; go to museums. Clients have the option of hiring any number of designers for any job. Be really nice and really fun and funny, if you can. Enchant them, and seduce them. Clients want to enjoy the process of design (often their only creative breakout) as much as you do. They want to be involved in the process, and friendly beats arrogant every time. How to get a job at Doyle Partners Branding for the Seaglass Carousel by Doyle Partners And what about people who want to work for you? Doyle Partners works across everything from environmental projects to video, sculpture and conventional graphics. What do you look for in the portfolios of would-be new hires at the studio? The first test for me is the resume. I scan it for typos, and a single error here means the candidate is voted off the island. Or if, as sometimes happens, the cover letter says, "I've always wanted to work at Pentagram…" Well, that's a disqualifier too. There is no magic bullet for preparing your portfolio. I look for imagination and appropriateness. Lots of portfolios have lots of style, but the ones that are actually intelligent are wonderfully rare. Being able to design like your teacher doesn't cut it anymore. It's individuality and passion, craftsmanship and artistry that cut through the fog for me. Can you share any key portfolio do and don’ts for a designer preparing their portfolio for you? Rafia, bay leaf, dried orange peel or anything that might fall into the "potpourri" category fastened to what you think is the "design" category. Orgami of any kind. I'm sorry, my friends, but it's really over, and no matter how hard you worked on that calendar, it's not getting produced. Which reminds me: calendars! Especially with different fonts for each month. Really, get over it. We have phones and no wall, desk or mental space for them. Design work should be explanatory, and if you need to quote Roland Barthes or Umberto Ecco, you have ultimately failed. Stephen Doyle Long verbal rationalisations for dull creative work. Design work should be explanatory, and if you need to quote Roland Barthes or Umberto Ecco, you have ultimately failed. Individually wrapped samples. Makes the presentation noisy, and the dismissal part of the interview interminably long. Hands (or any extremity for that matter) holding posters aloft, books extended, etc. Keep yourself mostly out of your photos of your work. Put your heart in, keep your hands out. How to stay fresh as a designer Here Lies LoveBranding and album packaging for David Byrne's immersive musical. Finally, you’ve talked before about the joy of designing under duress. How do you navigate the line between fresh thinking and failing to find the right solution for the client? Staying fresh and coming up with unexpected solutions is a challenge that we all face. To keep my batteries charged, I keep adding to a very robust scrapbook collection – both analog and digital. Keeping your eyes open when flipping through foreign newspapers and snapping photos of signs, materials, juxtapositions; collecting scrap from unexpected sources online – you can build yourself a personal arsenal of inspiration that helps to get the juices flowing. I've got stuff stored that took me an entire decade to find the project worth appropriation. But thoughtful thievery from unlikely sources is one of the best tools we have. And don't forget to eat breakfast! Related articles: How to start a studio: 18 pro tips Be a better designer in 2018 32 brilliant design portfolios to inspire you View the full article

To mark International Women’s day, we’re celebrating 10 of the world’s most inspiring women in design. These are the glass-ceiling-shattering trailblazers who inspire us to be better designers. Their work crosses disciplines and breaks boundaries. And looking at the incredible women here, it seems hard to believe that the design industry still lacks diversity. 25 names every graphic designer should know But according to a 2016 report from the Design Council, a staggering 78 per cent of the design economy is male. "Male designers seem to be concentrated in the highest paying sectors. 83 per cent of the total male design workforce earns an average of £606 per week or more, which is above the national average," continues the report. Meanwhile, only 3 per cent of creative directors are women, adds The 3% Movement. The 10 women we’ve highlighted here haven't just made an incredible contribution to design: they're also important role models to designers around the world – both female and male. Read on to be inspired… 01. Paula Scher Paula Scher has been a partner at Pentagram since 1991 Paula Scher is a multi-talented partner at Pentagram's New York office. Having started out by designing album covers for Atlantic and CBS records, including the distinctive Boston UFO sleeve, Scher quickly found recognition - not to mention Grammy nominations - coming her way. In design circles Scher is best known for her dynamic use of outmoded typography that echoes Art Deco and Russian constructivism. This work, which featured on posters for the Public Theatre, helped to reposition the institution as an accessible space for people who would not normally attend the venue. Scher's typography work has been often imitated over the years Described as both an "unabashed populist" and a "master conjurer of the instantly familiar", Scher's varied career has seen her work with top brands including Coca-Cola, the Museum of Modern Art, and Microsoft, as well as co-founding design studio Koppel & Scher. Speaking to Creative Bloq, highlights the benefit of stepping out of your comfort zone: "I try to force myself to grow by doing things I don't know how to do very well. Sometimes I fail utterly at it; sometimes I make breakthroughs." 02. Neri Oxman Neri Oxman, photo by: Noah Kalina, 2017 How can we describe the work Neri Oxman? Considering that she's seen to be ahead of her time, labelled as "shatteringly different", and even had to coin the phrase "material ecology" to define her own creations, summing up Oxman is no easy feat. The American-Israeli architect, designer, and professor at the MIT Media Lab is renowned for her creations that blend technology and biology. In a recent talk at Design Indaba 2018, Oxman said that her goal is to augment the relationship between built and biological elements. Oxman's 3D printed wearables are inspired by organ systems “Nature doesn’t assemble. It grows,” she pointed out. “We’re at a point in time where there’s a clash between the world of culture and the world of nature. It’s a slow process, but they’re colliding.” With designers becoming increasingly aware of the environmental impact of their work, Oxman is leading the way when it comes to re-evaluating how we design and the materials we use. 03. Es Devlin Es Devlin in her 2016 Mirror Maze If you've seen live music performances from the biggest artists over the last few years, chances are you've seen the stunning work of Es Devlin. A set design mastermind, Devlin has worked with the likes of Kanye West, Beyoncé, and U2 to create jaw-dropping backdrops and stage sculptures. Preoccupied with exploring the boundary between stage design and art, Devlin's impressive portfolio also includes kinetic stage sculptures for the London Olympic closing ceremony and the Rio Olympic opening ceremony. Es Devlin designed the amazing London Olympics closing ceremony Her career started with an art foundation at Central St Martins College of Art and Design. From here she went on study set design before creating small experimental pieces for London theatres such as The Bush and The Gate. Over the years as her profile has grown, Devlin has been awarded the Linbury Prize for Stage Design, three Olivier Awards, the London Design Medal 2017, as well as being appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for her services to stage and set design. 04. Jessica Hische Jessica Hische is something of a typography celebrity Fans of typography are probably already aware of Jessica Hische. The American letter, illustrator and type designer already has a legion of devotees thanks to her work on a diverse range of projects including the Love Stamp for USPS, book Covers for Dave Eggers, and revamping the typographic logo for MailChimp. When she isn't busy working for clients such as Wes Anderson, Penguin Books and The New York Times, Hische also finds the time to create popular personal projects, such as the Daily Drop Cap and the humorous (yet useful) flowchart Should I Work For Free? Jessica Hische shares her typography secrets in her book, In Progress As if all this wasn't enough, Hische has also released a book called In Progress. Described as a "show-all romp"through her lettering and type design projects, the book also shows you how to sketch distinctive letterforms with step-by-step instructions. 05. Malika Favre Malika Favre (image from the artist's Instagram page) Malika Favre is a London-based French artist whose distinctive work has made her one of the most sought after illustrators in the UK. With a style that has been described as Pop Art meets OpArt, Favre's illustrations combine crisp colours with clean shapes. Despite drawing from an early age, illustration was not Favre's first calling. After a brief stint studying quantum physics with a view to becoming an engineer, she changed course and studied graphic design and advertising. From here she completed an internship at Airside before going on to start freelance commissions. Favre's distinctive work has often appeared on the cover of The New Yorker Favre's unmistakable style has landed her work with The Yorker, BAFTA, Penguin Books and many more. And had the 2016 presidential election gone the other way, we would have seen her work gracing the cover of The New Yorker. An erotic edge runs through Favre's work, because as she says, what is more universal than sex? This helps to combat what she describes as "a lot of bad sex art". 06. Catt Small Catt Small promotes diversity in the web industry Catt Small has been working as a web designer in her native New York City since 2011. Despite having only been in the industry a relatively short amount of time, her CV boasts some big names: she's worked at Nasdaq and SoundCloud, and since late 2016 has been a senior designer at Etsy. Small specialises in product design, but also finds time to create games as part of Brooklyn Gamery. Breakup Squad is a five-player game based around keeping two ex-lovers apart at a party Alongside her web design work, Small plays an active role in promoting diversity within the web industry. She co-founded Code Liberation in 2013, and has also worked with Good for PoC. "I spent much of my youth surrounded by boys who also played video games. Not being like other girls was a source of pride. When I got older and wiser, I realised the errors of the things I was trained to think," she said in an interview with net magazine. "Women are often underrepresented in tech and games spaces. Instead of being encouraged to make space for each other, they are pressured to compete for the coveted ‘female ambassador’ position... Eventually, I felt tired of being the only woman in the room. Fielding sexist jokes and feeling inadequate drained my will to participate in activities I loved. The more I learned about the gender spectrum, the more I wanted to meet and learn about people with other cool genders as well." 07. Samantha Toy Warren Samantha Toy Warren is famous for creating Style Tiles Samantha Toy Warren is currently an Adobe XD manager and product design lead, and prior to this was senior designer at Twitter (an experience she describes as “electrifying”, and “like being on a rocket ship”). However, Warren is perhaps best known for creating Style Tiles, a system for developing the visual language for a website that gained widespread popularity within the industry. In an interview with net magazine, she explained the inspiration behind the project. A few years prior to creating Style Tiles, Warren had designed a site for a Scandinavian hotel chain. She and the client agreed that the site should somehow capture the essence of the patio area outside one of the hotels, which was filled with transparent bubble chairs that reflected the landscape. Visual language developer Style Tiles went down a storm with designers “They needed help getting from one to the other. So it was a matter of taking these attributes – the light, the almost invisible lines and this ethereal feeling – and dissecting and reconstructing them into things like gradients, thin lines and lots of very subtle shadows,” she explained. “You can use it to have a conversation around what someone is imagining in their head when they say certain things to describe a visual. You can say: ‘You’re saying the site should feel light and airy; so does this line feel light and airy, or does this one?’ That’s what Style Tiles is, it’s the translation process.” 08. Mina Markham Mina Markham was a key figure in Hilary Clinton's web presence Frontend architect Markham is a senior engineer at Slack in California, but it was a slightly more stressful role that propelled her to prominence in the web industry: Markham was a key figure in designing Hillary Clinton’s web presence during her presidential campaign. In 2015-16, she created and maintained the brilliantly named pattern library Pantsuit, as well as various supporting microsites. "Campaigns move at an incredible pace. You could have an idea on Monday and it would be live on Wednesday," she said of her experience in an interview with net. "Pantsuit was completed in about two months, and I felt bad taking that long. Deadlines tended to be more urgent and unyielding. If you were working on something for the caucuses, you have to be done on time – otherwise, the project is useless." Marham's work on Hillary Clinton's web presence propelled her to prominence Markham's achievements are all the more notable given she's only been working in tech for around six years. Her difficulties breaking into the industry are part of the reason she's now active in initiatives such as Girl Develop It and Black Girls Code. "When I was attempting to start my career in tech, I felt very alone and like I was stumbling around," she said. "If I had something like Black Girls Code to show me that women, black women, can be developers, it would have made a world of difference." 09. Rachel Inman Rachel Inman makes sure team morale stays high Inman is a design lead at Google, on the Google Maps team. Last year, she worked on the new Google Earth – an update that enables users to fly through landmarks and major cities in 3D, then inspect them close up by switching to Street View, or explore curated stories from the likes of BBC and NASA through Voyager. Her ethos as a team leader is centred around inclusivity. "Morale is high because there are no more walls,” she enthused in an interview with net magazine. “A design solution from an engineer is just as valid and celebrated as an engineering idea from a designer.” Inman's updates let users fly through landmarks Her decision to move into the web industry was motivated by a desire to create things that would make life better for others, and as well as her work for Google she teaches design classes around the world. "If my students walk away with any message, I hope it’s that they don’t need permission to create and experiment," she said of her Introduction to UX Design class at General Assembly's New York campus. "Aside from understanding their users, I really want them to feel free to keep making, testing, failing and continuing. That’s the only way they’ll get better!” 10. Debbie Millman The multi-talented Debbie Millman is behind the popular podcast Design Matters Debbie Millman is perhaps best known by designers as the founder and host of the podcast Design Matters. Besides setting up and running one of the world's first and longest running podcasts, Millman is also a designer, artist, curator, educator and writer. In 2009 Millman co-founded the world's first graduate programme in branding at the School of Visual Arts in New York City alongside Steven Heller. Meanwhile her illustrations have appeared in The New York Times and New York Magazine among others. Millman's work has also been featured in Print, a magazine on which she has served as Editorial and Creative Director. Millman's work on the Burger King logo helped to reinvigorate the brand Between 1995 and 2016, Millman was the President of the Design Division at Sterling Brands, as well as being its Chief Marketing Officer. Here she worked with top name brands such as Pepsi, Gillette, Burger King and Star Wars. Related articles: Artists celebrate International Women's Day Women's fashion brand celebrates 10th anniversary with empowering messages New exhibit tracks colourful history of women in comics View the full article

Sketch. First Adobe Photoshop's rival, then Adobe XD's rival, and now InVision Studio's rival as well. It's surprisingly resilient for an app that's never released a Windows version – although this might not seem so surprising when you learn both what it can do, but how it does it. Sketch vs Photoshop: which design tool should you use? Sketch is an app for designing user interfaces, but its powerful, intuitive tools makes the design process so artfully smooth that you'll quickly understand why and how it paved the way for a new generation of design apps. Here are 21 tips that will make you a power user in minutes. 01. Make your design collaborative with Libraries Can other designers also use your symbols? Absolutely! Sketch Libraries are incredibly easy to use. All you need to do is to create the Symbols in a separate .sketch file, and then leave that .sketch file somewhere accessible, such as on Box, Dropbox or Google Drive. Other designers can then import the Sketch Library into their Sketch documents by navigating to File > Add Library…. After that, symbols from that Sketch Library will be accessible via the usual Insert > Symbol method. Sketch Libraries are a terrific way to enable design collaboration in teams. When the Sketch Library is updated, any .sketch file that's using that Library will receive a notification requesting if you'd like to update the document. Pretty cool, right? 02. Test a responsive design using resizing You have a container, which can be either a Group or an Artboard, and various layers inside that container. Let's say that this container is a website header with a floated logo and navigation – the logo floated on the left, and the navigation floated on the right. When you resize the container, you want the logo to still be floated to the left, and the navigation to the right. Enter Resizing, where contained elements can be floated to a container edge, helping you to test responsive designs. Once again, this all happens from the Inspector, under the Resizing tab. There are four possible locations that you can pin from: Left: object will be fixed to the left-hand side Right: object will be fixed to the right-hand side Right and top: object will be fixed the top and right sides Pretty simple really, but there's a snag. When you resize containers ordinarily, the contained elements are resized accordingly. You can fix this by activating the Fix Width and Fix Height options, which will stop this from happening. Centralised objects will remain centralised as well. Magic. 03. Separate your projects by Page After a while, your canvas will start to feel cluttered despite the fact that it's essentially unlimited. Large designs require organisation, which is why we can logically separate Artboards into different Pages. The best way to organise Artboards into Pages is by platform. If you were designing, for example, an Android and iOS version of a mobile app, you could have a separate Page for each. The reason for this, is that when you use prototyping and design handoff tools, you'd want to export the right Artboards to the right Project, so separating them in this way makes logical sense. With web designs, I typically create things like Symbols and logos on their own Page. 04. Automate your asset exports Once you have defined your export options, you won't have to do that again. And this is true whether you're actually exporting image assets from Sketch or you're exporting to a design collaboration app, such as InVision, Marvel, Sympli or Zeplin. Here's what you need to know: file format matters. SVG is better for the web because it's a vector format, which means that you can scale it up and down without losing quality. SVG formats are usually smaller in file size too, which makes webpages load faster. We use PNG for mobile apps, although to cater for Retina/HDPI screens, we export images @2x and @3x, depending on the device that we're catering for. You can define as many options as needed, all at once. Just click the "Make Exportable" button at the very bottom of the Inspector and list the different export options. And then, whenever you need to re-export, hit Cmd+Shift+E. Your export settings will now be saved, but you will also be given the option to export only one, or some, or all of the layers you have chosen. 05. Organise image asset exports into folders Developers don't want to sort through an entire folder of exported image assets, especially with large designs. Breaking them down into folders is more organised and we can do this from Sketch. Simply rename the layer using this format: "subfolder/asset.png" to auto-create folders in your export. Tip: did you know that you can drag a layer from the layer list onto your desktop to export it? It'll be a @1x PNG file by default. 06. Analyse colour contrast with the Stark plugin Although it's not as trendy as concepts such as prototyping and animation, colour contrast is a big deal. Poor colour contrast results in limited accessibility, especially for users who have limited eyesight (something which affects 285 million of us worldwide). The WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) sets worldwide standards for colour contrast, which can be somewhat difficult to understand for somebody that's never heard of them before. The Stark plugin not only helps you to compare two colours against these WCAG 2.0 standards, to make sure that your contrast is sufficient enough, but also test your design against the eight different types of colour blindness. The key things to check are when two backgrounds are adjacent to one another; buttons against backgrounds; and most importantly, text against backgrounds. Font size factors into this as well, as smaller text is harder to read, so considering that there's so much to think about here, Stark is handy to have in your toolbox. Stark opens in a new window (Plugins > Stark > Show Stark). Press ↑ and ↓ to cycle through the types of colour blindness, ← and → to cycle through the Artboards in your document, or select two colours to analyse the colour contrast. Colour contrast is defined by two different levels/ratio (AA and AAA), and your colour contrast should be meeting at least the AA requirements. 07. Design handoff with the Zeplin or Sympli plugins Design handoff is typically built into prototyping apps such as InVision and Marvel, but they are only available to teams with enterprise-level subscriptions. Smaller design teams (or solo designers) won't need design collaboration on that scale, so dedicated design handoff tools, such as Zeplin and Sympli, might be more suitable. You'll have design hand-off and collaboration, but at the cost of prototyping features, which might be fine depending on the way you or your team does prototyping (because there are also paper prototyping and free tools, such as Craft). Like most tools of this calibre, you can export screens from Sketch to Zeplin or Sympli using their Sketch Plugin. Both tools work largely the same way. With Zeplin, use Cmd+Ctrl+E in Sketch to export screens; with Sympli, use Cmd+Y. Both apps let you tag screens for added searchability (useful for narrowing down screens in the handoff interface) and automatically collect image assets you've marked as exportable in Sketch, ready for the developer to implement them. As with all competing tools, use the free trials and decide for yourself. 08. Combine shapes with boolean operations Booleans make it easy to make new shapes Boolean operations let us combine shapes to make new shapes. Step 01: Creating two shapes Let's use a circle as an example here. You can combine as many shapes as necessary with boolean operations, but for now we'll use only two. Create a circle, and then duplicate it (Cmd+D) to create another circle. Make sure that they overlap, so that we can use one of them as a mask and see the effects. Step 02: Select a boolean operation from the menu bar As you can see from the Sketch menu bar, there are four boolean operations to choose from: Union, Subtract, Intersect and Difference. Union is the simplest of all the boolean operations, where the two shapes are combined to create a new shape. With Subtract, one of the shapes eats into the other shape or shapes, subtracting from them. With Intersect, only the section where the shapes overlap will be visible. With Difference, it's the complete opposite, only the sections where the shapes don't overlap are shown. For simple shapes, this is often faster than creating them freehand using the vector tool. Step 03: Make it clear which layer is the mask As I said before, you can combine more than one shape with boolean operations. One of them has to be the mask, and this is the one that appears at the "bottom", as indicated in the Layer List. Combined shapes act like a Group once combined, so whichever one is lowest in the hierarchy is the mask. You can reorder these layers to change which one is the mask. Note: boolean operations technically consist of paths and subpaths, but the concept of masking might make boolean operations feel more familiar. Step 04: Learn the keyboard shortcuts for quick-access Naturally, like everything else in Sketch, there are keyboard shortcuts that you can use to access these boolean operations faster: Union: Cmd+Ctrl+U Subtract: Cmd+Ctrl+S Intersect: Cmd+Ctrl+I Difference: Cmd+Ctrl+X If you have one of the latest MacBook Pros with a Touch Bar above the keyboard, these tools are also available for quick access via touch as well. 09. Create your own Sketch shortcuts You can add as many new shortcuts as you need You can create your own Sketch shortcuts. To set your own Sketch shortcuts, head to macOS Preferences > Keyboard > Shortcuts > App Shortcuts > +, and then choose Sketch as the Application and type the menu command you want to define a shortcut for. For example, "Collapse All Groups" (Cmd+Ctrl+C) is a useful way to quickly clean up your Layer List! Add as many shortcuts as you need. 10. Define measurements with maths functions There's no need to waste time on tricky mental arithmetic When specifying measurements with the Inspector, you can use maths functions to save you from having to do the calculations in your head. Say that you wanted a Rectangle to span the full width of an Artboard minus 20px on each side (i.e. a 20px margin), you could define the Width as "100%-40px". With a 320px Artboard, the Rectangle's width would then equal 280px. 11. Mimic CSS frameworks Layout Grids give you the flexibility of responsive grid systems Web developers often use CSS frameworks such as Bootstrap and Foundation, which come with their own responsive grid systems. So to make designs more durable and flexible (and to protect development costs) designers using Sketch might want to replicate these grid systems using Layout Grids. Navigate to View > Canvas > Layout Settings… to bring up the Layout Grid modal, then specify the numbers of rows and columns along with the overall width of the website container and any column/gutter widths. Layout Grids appear light grey on the canvas, although you can change this colour. Toggle them on and off with Cmd+Alt+L, your developer will thank you later! 12. Keep your common colours handy Ensure visual consistency by having your go-to colours to hand Colours are reused throughout a design for visual consistency. When used correctly, colours mean something to the user and so the UX is improved. It's typical to have a certain colour for the brand, the body text, the headings and so on, and we can save these colours in Sketch for quick-use, so that we don't have to recall hex/RGBA values from memory. Whenever you're inside the colour chooser widget and you have the desired colour selected, click the "+" icon underneath "Document Colors" to save it to the document swatch. If you add colours to the "Global Colors" swatch, they'll appear in all Sketch documents. Drag the colours out of the colour chooser widget to remove. 13. Use shortcuts There are a lot of keyboard shortcuts in Sketch. Popular ones can be found in this article; you can see more here. 14. Prototype like a pro Prototyping and design collaboration is all the rage right now. The ability to see your designs come to life with interactive hotspots, dynamic components and animations before development has even begun, is not only fun to watch, but lets teams and stakeholders test user experiences and leave feedback early on. Being able to iron out the majority of creases before the user even experiences the app or website ensures that your conversions are higher, your customer complaints are lower, and your product launches have more impact. One of the best ways to prototype directly in Sketch is arguably the Craft plugin by InVision, which supercharges your design process in a number of ways. Here's the rundown: Provide your design with realistic dummy data. Source stock images for your content. Duplicate content vertically and horizontally. Create shared design libraries that are stored in the cloud. Enter "Freehand" mode for discussion and collaboration. Make your designs dynamic and interactive. Sync all of this into the core InVision App. Enable handoff, so developers can inspect design styles. Craft exists as a vertical sidebar alongside the Inspector in Sketch. Despite its many features, the UI is fairly easy to use. Marvel is another prototyping app that has a Sketch plugin. Although it only serves as a way of exporting designs into the core Marvel app, there are some benefits of using Marvel over InVision. Although it's not as flexible as InVision – which has more prototyping features, for example – the learning curve is smaller and the Marvel interface feels simpler than InVision's. Give both a try, they're fantastic! 15. Time-saving shortcuts Speed up your workflow by learning these essential Sketch shortcuts Let the keyboard be your mouse Actually, you'd be quite surprised what you can do with Sketch using only the keyboard. Many of the tools are single-letter shortcuts, and repetitive, mundane tasks are something of an urban myth now. Once again, here are the shortcuts you'll love: Rectangle: R Oval: O Line: L Text: T Artboard: A Edit mode: Return Move up in hierarchy: Esc Change opacity of object: 0-9 Rename: Cmd+R Export: Cmd+Shift+E Zoom in/out: Cmd and +/- Cmd/Alt/Shift combos are your new best friends Group: Cmd+G Ungroup: Cmd+Shift+G Move object: ↑→↓← Resize object: Cmd+↑→↓← Move object by 10px: Shift+↑→↓← Resize object by 10px: Cmd+Shift+ ↑→↓← Click through to Object in Group: Cmd+left-click Activate Smart Guides: Alt Smart Guides with click-through: Cmd+Alt+left-click Move object up/down in hierarchy: Cmd+Alt+↑↓ Increase/decrease font size: Cmd+Alt and +/- Align left: Cmd+Shift+{ Align centre: Cmd+Shift+| Align right: Cmd+Shift+} Minimise your workspace What always frustrated me about Adobe Photoshop was how bloated and cluttered it felt. It was a multidisciplinary tool, used for both design and art, so it's no wonder. Sketch, by contrast, is focused on UI design, so not only is it minimal by default, but you can toggle the toolbars on and off with a quick shortcut. This is useful for creating more space on the canvas when needed, or when you need to enter the "Just show me the design" mode. These are the Sketch toolbar shortcuts that you need to know: Show/hide Toolbar (at the top): Cmd+Alt+T Show/hide Layer List (on the left): Cmd+Alt+1 Show/hide Inspector (on the right): Cmd+Alt+2 Presentation mode (hide everything): Cmd+. You shouldn’t forget about these shortcuts either: Slice: S Creates a rectangular selection that can then be exported, which is useful for highlighting or screenshotting key sections. Be sure to activate the Trim Transparent Pixels option in the Inspector to remove any whitespace from your Slices. Vector: V Vector tools are there to help you freehand draw totally unique shapes – icons or illustrations, for example. You can use 1, 2, 3 and 4 on the keyboard once focused on a vector point to change the point style from the default Straight style, to Mirrored, Asymmetric or Disconnected. Mask: Cmd+Ctrl+M When a shape is used as a mask, it redefines any content that overflows that shape. One example of this could be when you need a square image to fit inside a circle – the circular mask hides the 90-degree angles of the square image. Handy. 16. Reuse components with symbols Colours aren't the only thing that we can reuse. In fact, we can reuse entire components. Take a main navigation, for example – you'll use that on most (if not all) screens, right? If you made a change to it, you'd want that change to be universal, right? This is where symbols come in. Select the component that you want to make reusable and then click "Create Symbol" from the toolbar at the top. After that, navigate to Insert → Symbol and then click anywhere on the canvas to insert it. You can choose to store the master instance of the symbol on a separate page, away from the main design. This is the instance of the symbol that you edit when you want to make a universal change to it. Double-clicking on any other instance from the main design will redirect you to the master instance anyway. 17. Nested symbols and symbol overrides You can also embed an SVG image into the page in CSS, using the same method as you would to attach any other kind of image to an element. By using the SVG this way we can take advantage of the other CSS background properties allowing us to size, position and repeat our image as the background of an element. To provide support we can use a trick in the way CSS is parsed by the browser and provide a fallback PNG right before we include our SVG. 18. Maintain design consistency with Shared Styles And finally there are Shared Styles, which are like Symbols but for layers. Consider your heading styles, button text styles, body text styles and so on – the styles that you'll reuse time and time again. Shared Styles are created in the Inspector. To create Shared Styles, select the layer in question and then click the "No Shared Style" dropdown from the Inspector (or "No Text Style" if it's a text layer). Then, choose "Create new Text/Shared Style" from the list of dropdown options, then give it a meaningful name (such as "Largest Heading", for example). Flexibility comes more naturally with Shared Styles than it does with Symbols, where you can simply change what you need to change in one instance of a Shared Style and those changes won't sync with the other instances automatically. The change is a manual one, where you'll need to hit the sync icon in that same drop-down menu. By not hitting the sync icon here, you are making a singular change to an otherwise visually consistent Shared Style. 19. Live preview your designs with Sketch Mirror When mobile apps and websites are designed to be used by thumbs, it makes sense to test them with thumbs, which is exactly where Sketch Mirror comes in very handy. We need this to bring our designs off the big screen, and onto the little screen. With Sketch Mirror for iOS, you can preview your Sketch artboards on your iOS device. Click "Mirror" from the toolbar, then select your device from the list of options. If you can't see your device, make sure that you have Sketch Mirror open on your device and that they're both on the same wireless network. Tip: swipe right on the iOS Control Centre and tap the Record icon to record a user test or create a video demonstration, which you can then send to your teammates – or anyone else – in a quick message! 20. Create that smokey iOS blur When designing mobile apps for iOS, you'll often use a lot of their native UI elements and visual concepts, one of which is the smokey blur that appears as a backdrop to reduce visual distraction from any background elements. This effect blurs out the background when the Control Centre is open, for example. You can create this effect by selecting the "Background Blur" option from the Inspector. It should be noted that this doesn't work if the opacity of the Fill is 100%. The lower the opacity, the greater the blur effect. Background Blur differs from Gaussian Blur in that with Gaussian Blur, the edges of the blurred background are blurred too. 21. Space savers Sketch Cache Cleaner quickly gets rid of all those unwanted earlier builds Sketch users often complain that .sketch files take up a lot of space on their computers. Here's what you can do to get around that problem. Deleting the Sketch cache to save space When a .sketch file is automatically saved as a backup, the new cached version doesn't overwrite the old cached version. Each cached version is stored somewhere safe, which is what enables Sketch's native version control features. While this is useful for those needing to roll back to an earlier version of their design sometimes, those versions eventually end up stealing all of your megabytes (or gigabytes). Sketch Cache Cleaner is an independent app that deletes all of these versions when this cache becomes too large. Of course, you can turn off version control in Sketch's Preferences, but sometimes it's useful. Instead, clean the cache only when you're sure there's nothing you'll need from it. If you're using a version control app such as Abstract or Plant, then in that case it would serve you well to turn off Sketch's native version control. Reducing the size of sketch files Even Sketch files themselves can become quite large, but Sketch now has a built-in feature that reduces their file size, which you can find at File > Reduce File Size. Some designers say that Reduce from the Flawless App team (flawlessapp.io/reduce) is a little more efficient at this though, since it retains the colour quality better. Reduce is free to download and sits in the macOS menu bar, making it quick and easy to access at any time. Being a neat freak Generally speaking, getting in the habit of cleaning up your .sketch documents as you design (or at regular intervals), will reduce their file size. By that I mean removing any redundant layers, Ungrouping (Cmd+Shift+G) any redundant Groups, and basically making your documents clean and easy to read. This not only benefits your file sizes, but also makes your work readable for anybody that views it after you, which might include developers who are inspecting your work so that it can be converted to code, or even another designer that you might be collaborating with on a large design. This article was originally published in issue 269 of creative web design magazine Web Designer. Buy issue 269 here or subscribe to Web Designer here. Related articles: How to get started with Sketch for app design 24 top Sketch plugins How Sketch update changes everything View the full article

Every industry could use a bit of disruption. If you have an idea worth pursuing, you can find funding and opportunity to make it happen. You just need to know how to get in front of the right people. That’s exactly what the Complete Startup Toolkit Bundle can teach you, and you can get it for 99 per cent off the retail price! Getting your startup up and running is one of the most difficult things you will ever do, but this bundle of courses has the information you need to do it – and help you find success along the way. Gain the basic skills to create your product, then learn how to network and connect with the people who can help you turn it into a real business. There’s a course for every step of the way, with 23 information-packed courses and 14 full-service apps that you can put to use right away. If you’re ready to get your startup up and running, you can get the Complete Startup Toolkit Bundle on sale for 99p er cent off the retail price! You won't find a better deal for a collection of courses that can help your startup get off the ground, so grab it today! About Creative Bloq deals This great deal comes courtesy of the Creative Bloq Deals store – a creative marketplace that's dedicated to ensuring you save money on the items that improve your design life. We all like a special offer or two, particularly with creative tools and design assets often being eye-wateringly expensive. That's why the Creative Bloq Deals store is committed to bringing you useful deals, freebies and giveaways on design assets (logos, templates, icons, fonts, vectors and more), tutorials, e-learning, inspirational items, hardware and more. Every day of the working week we feature a new offer, freebie or contest – if you miss one, you can easily find past deals posts on the Deals Staff author page or Offer tag page. Plus, you can get in touch with any feedback at: deals@creativebloq.com. Related articles: 5 essentials for your start-up studio How to design for startups The 17 best startup logos of 2017 View the full article

Hailing very much from the art side of the STABILO stable, the CarbOthello Pastel Pencil Set (24) is aimed at mid-level artists. And as with most STABILO products, you’re guaranteed a high level of quality. The best pencils for designers and artists This 24-pencil set comes in an attractive two-piece tin and includes a decent spectrum of colour choices. The pencils sharpen very well, so you can fashion a good tip with a new scalpel blade and a sandpaper block. The pencils really come alive when mixed with water The pencils’ dry stroke is perfect for blending, but the fun really starts when you begin adding water, with some particularly interesting results achievable when working in wet areas with dry pencils. Playing about with the balance of these elements is one of the joys of this set. And when you do, you’ll realise that the great advantage of using pastel pencils is the lack of mess at the end of the day. Stabilo’s pencils are fuss-free and solid, with good pigment strengths matched with quality wooden shafts. If you’re looking for your first reasonably priced set of pastel pencils, this is a great mid-level entry point. This article was originally published in issue 154 of ImagineFX, the world's best-selling magazine for digital artists. Buy issue 154 here or subscribe to ImagineFX here. Related articles: How to hold a pencil correctly How to draw animals, people and landscapes Pencil drawing in 6 simple steps View the full article

You're reading How to Send Emails That Your Subscribers Will Love, originally posted on Designmodo. If you've enjoyed this post, be sure to follow on Twitter, Facebook, Google+! To develop a strong business, you must develop a good relationship with clients. This doesn’t just mean promoting an excellent product or service. It is also important to stay in touch once the sale is complete. One way of doing this is to send customers regular email newsletters. If you want to offer the most […] View the full article

In typography, as in grammar, there is no objective ‘right’ way to do things; there are just conventions, and these conventions change over time. And what's more, while we could argue that the examples we're about to give are indeed mistakes – that is, things that are wrong – it's also true that there are often technical or style reasons to make them deliberately (we do on Creative Bloq all the time). But enough with the caveats. Typography rules and terms every designer must know Bonus points if you can identify the problem with each example before we explain it. The more points you have at the end, the more fun you are at parties! Note: Due to technical limitations (and to delicious irony) some characters in this post may not display properly depending on your browser and platform. Suggestions on how to type characters are confirmed correct for UK Mac keyboards. 01. Quote marks Yes, yes we are. For example, we’ll now point out that you should of course have used proper typographic quote marks above – “You’re a bunch of type nazis”. Because supporting “, ”, ‘ and ’ would have added complexity to typewriters, we just decided to simplify with a single symbol for single and a single symbol for double quotes that could be used everywhere, and this ‘dumb quotes’ convention stuck. (If you ever doubt how influential typewriters are even today, not only could we point you to the persistent QWERTY layout, but you’ll also see on many keyboards that the staggered grid allows for a bar to lead straight up from each key, like on a typewriter.) Bonus fact: you use «guillemets» (not ‘greater-than and less-than’ chevrons!) in French and Spanish, and „this style“ in German. As always, Wikipedia can out-pedant anyone on this topic. To type proper typographic quotes on a Mac, press alt+[, alt+shift+[, alt+] and alt+shift+]. Of course, you could let your software convert from dumb to smart quotes for you (check under 'Edit > Substitutions') but be careful, as the next mistake shows. 02. Apostrophes You might think that allowing your computer to make your dumb quotes smart absolves you of all responsibility, but the problem is that computers can sometimes be a bit too smart for their own good. One of the common mistakes computers make is to use an opening single quote where an apostrophe (or closing single quote; there’s really no difference) should be used. If you’re talking about the ’80s (with a closing quote mark), say, many computers would be tempted to write ‘80s (with an opening quote mark) instead, because it thinks you’re starting to write a sentence ‘in quote marks’. To fix this, make sure you type ⌥⇧] manually. The opposite can be true too these days; start a sentence with a double-digit number and some systems will convert a single dumb quote to ’, even if you then end the sentence with another quote, such as in ’10 years ago’. Here, manually typing ⌥] is necessary. ‘Smart’ computer systems can land you in other trouble too. For example, once you’ve got your eye in, you might often see something like this online: “The point size for body copy wouldn’t normally be bigger than 11.5″. The problem there is that a smart CMS has decided that because that quotation ends with a number, it should convert the double dumb quote you typed into a double prime (″) rather than the closing quote marks (”), since it’s assumed you meant inches. What’s a double prime, you ask? We’re glad you did. 03. Double prime You might be congratulating yourself because you knew that dumb quotes were wrong for enclosing quotations, and that the correct use of the straight ' and " is to denote feet and inches. Your smugness is misplaced, sadly. In fact, those glyphs really, typographically speaking, serve no purpose. Feet and inches should be represented by ‘primes’ – a single for feet, a double for inches. So 6' 6" is wrong, but 6′ 6″ is correct. Of course, not all fonts have primes characters, but all that means is that you should be using better fonts! It’s easy to type primes if you’re running OS X 10.9 or later; just tap the spacebar while holding ctrl and cmd and a character palette will pop up. You don’t have to know where to look; start typing ‘primes’ and the characters will appear. On earlier systems, choose Special Characters from the Edit menu, and in apps such as InDesign, browse the Glyphs palette. 04. Fractions Ah, so you got the primes right that time, but what the hell is with those fractions? Properly, fractions should be individually typeset – often using LaTeX formatting – but even if that’s not technically possible most fonts have dedicated glyphs for common vulgar fractions. (‘Vulgar’ is a technical term there, not a synonym for ‘common’; keep politics out of typography. Actually, technically, mathematically, ‘vulgar’ is a synonym for ‘common’ but we’re in danger of disappearing down the wrong rabbit hole entirely.) By calling up the character palette again you can search for ‘fraction’ (or specifically ‘half’, ‘quarter’, ‘third’ and so on) and so correctly – or at least more correctly than using normal numbers separated by a slash, like an animal – render ‘3½″ and 5¼″ disks’. 05. Multiplication/by This is a particularly subtle one in some fonts, but there is a proper glyph for the ‘x’ that stands in for ‘by’, so the above should read ‘5120×2880 pixels’ rather than ‘5120x2880 pixels’. The particular Unicode character we’re using there is the multiplication sign – and yes, you could argue we’re co-opting it here – so be sure to search for that in the character palette rather than ‘x’. Searching for ‘x’ shows up many different variants, including multiple mathematical, algebraic ‘x’ symbols, but not the multiplication symbol you actually want. Next page: 5 more typographic mistakes we all make 06. Interpunct Well, there’s no arguing with the sentiment there (and the price is correct at least at the time of writing), but there is a typographical faux pas in that sentence. We’ve lost the battle on this one, we know, but properly the decimal point shouldn’t be a full stop or period, but should be an interpunct, thus: £29·99. This is only true in Britain – although possibly some other countries too, especially those that were British colonies in 1971 when decimalisation struck – but technically you were only supposed to use a full stop when technical limitations meant an interpunct was unavailable. Happily, these days, should you wish to render prices correctly (as surely any good Brit would wish to do), you can easily get an interpunct by typing alt+shift+9. 07. Degrees And it’s literally freezing in the UK as we write this, but the thing we’re specifically complaining about here is that degrees symbol, because it isn’t a degrees symbol at all. Now pay attention, 007: 24º is wrong, 24° is right. That first character is an ordinal indicator for masculine (the feminine variant is ª), and you can read about their use on Wikipedia. In some fonts, it’s actually really obvious that it’s not a degrees symbol because the O will have an underline, but that’s not common and it’s easy to see that someone, mashing a keyboard till they find a degrees symbol, would think they’ve found it; you get it by typing alt+0, which makes some kind of sense. In fact, the degree symbol’s shortcut is actually somewhat logical too. To get a bullet (that’s this character: •) on a Mac, you type alt+8, and to get a degrees symbol, it’s alt+shift+8. Conceptually, then, you can think of it a little like a ‘superscript bullet’. 08. Hyphens and dashes Now, this is tricky, and depends very much on style, but the official line is that hyphens specifically should only be used in words like ‘anal-retentive’ and ‘super-annoying’ or for splitting words across lines in hyphenation; you shouldn’t even use them for a minus symbol, as there’s a specific, slightly longer Unicode character for that: −. (We’re not making this up, we promise.) But while hyphens in the sentence above are definitely wrong, there is no definitely right. Convention would have it that in the UK you’d use en-dashes – like this – while in the US—where everything is bigger—the longer em-dashes are favoured. Note too that in the first example, there are spaces either side of the dashes, but not in the second; that’s deliberate. In fact, thanks to the fractal nature of pedantry, you can also say that this is still wrong, since if you’re being super-correct there should be hairline spaces around the em-dashes. Or possibly thin spaces, which are technically thicker. But let’s not split hairs. You type an en-dash with alt+- and em-dashes with alt+shift+-. (Bonus: you should sometimes use an en-dash where you might think a hyphen is called for, when you’re dealing with attributive compounds.) 09. Asterisks and stars The noble asterisk – at least as noble as Astérix – while technically being a star should nevertheless not be used as a star when you’re talking about ratings; its main purpose these days is to direct you to a caveat somewhere else on the page. Happily, there are filled and empty – technically, black and white – stars in the Unicode table, and they’re pretty commonly supported. Thus you could say that this post is ★☆☆☆☆, even though of course you know in your heart it’s ★★★★★. You can type these symbols easily by searching ‘star’ in the character pop-up, and to make them even easier to type, you can enter a range of them with shortcuts in the Text tab of the Keyboard pane in System Preferences. Thus typing [[3 autocorrects to ★★★☆☆. Best of all, these shortcuts should sync over iCloud to your iPhone and iPad, so you can use them there too. 10. Ellipses Technically, there is a difference between three full stops and an ellipsis. Wrong: ... Right: … To type an ellipsis, it’s alt+; – but of course, you could out-typography-nerd anyone by airily claiming you manually kern three periods each time because you think the default ellipses in your chosen font are badly set. Does any of this matter? Now look, we know that by making any of these ‘mistakes’ you probably won’t impair the sense of what you’re saying, that good grammar and clarity should take precedence, and that even with the broad acceptance of Unicode there are often good reasons to ignore these old traditions. And honestly, this was just meant to be a ‘oh, I didn’t know that!’ post rather than an infuriating blend of a telling-off and a diktat. But maybe, just maybe, now that you’re aware of some of these established conventions, you can help honour the rich and beautiful history of typography in the next chunk of text you set. Related articles: 10 typography tricks every designer should know 20 fonts every graphic designer should own 68 best free fonts for designers View the full article